My Future Essay

In the future I see myself studying The Natural Science Program, hopefully with a friend through my years in High School. After school I want to study into becoming a doctor, probably in another country than Sweden, hopefully France, which will be interesting. It will probably take up a lot of my free time but it will be worth it in the end. I will probably study alongside a friend, having him as my roommate which hopefully will make my studies enjoyable. Hopefully I’ll have a beautiful girlfriend while I’m studying to encourage me alongside my mother. I wouldn’t like to get married until I’m like 25 years old, any younger I would consider it kind of weird and I would want to enjoy the bachelor life a while before getting married On my spare time I would go out and meet some French girls and hang out with some friends. I’d like my life to be adventurous and fun, but that would be kind of hard to achieve due to the fact that studying to a doctor would take up a lot of my time. After I have achieved the job as a doctor or if I achieve it I will buy a nice house and a nice car that hopefully will attract girls. ï Å  When or if I become a father I do not want to become the over protective type just because of the fact that I don’t like when my parents behave that way for me, but I will set some boundaries. But of course I also know that it is for my own best, they do it because they love me.

Approach in Teaching Standard English to Native Speakers

English is used by many people all around the world. Different people use it for different purposes in different settings. The English in the modern times is not considered as a unified and single language because of many factors, one of which is the diverse society that has contributed to the development of the English language. Linguist had developed a number of specialized terms to label the different ways people nowadays use English. The first one is due to the regional variations of the people. People in different regions like the US, Canada, London, Ireland, Australia, India or Asia have different ways in using the English language. These regional variations in different areas differ very much in speaking the English language either on its pronunciation, vocabulary or grammar. (Byrd, 1999)The second is the existing sub-regions within this area. The US has many sub-regions existing; also in England there are considerably many groupings to be considered. The third factor is that all English are different, but all of them are considered and share the common core, the English language. The fourth factor entails that in addition to the regional variations of English, English has sub-groups of speakers which are alike either in education or social status.(Byrd, 1999) There are features of pronunciation and grammar that are used to link people together belonging to a social group and as part of their social identity as members of the group.The fifth factors entails that English can be categorized into subsets belonging to a certain type of communication, say the English language used by engineers, mathematicians, or a group of college students.   The sixth factor attributes the variation on how English is written or spoken. This particular factor is quite complex but the general idea is that there are differences attributed from example, a written research paper compare to a research presentation done in public. This area of topic is essential for English teac hers of ESL/EFL for them to be able to sort which type of English to teach, and how they can effectively teach the type of English to use in a communication setting appropriate with the situation and conditions. Finally, linguist often times discuss the varieties of English based on â€Å"style†. Style is often divided into loose sub-groups which label things such as â€Å"formal†, â€Å"neutral†, and â€Å"informal†. (Byrd, 1999)STANDARD AND NON-STANDARD ENGLISHIn the discussion of Standard English, the topic that greatly affects this discussion concerns with the use of terms and differentiation between standard and non-standard English. Both of these terms must be defined clearly before discussing the right approach in teaching Standard English to native English speaking students. Biber et al. (1988) suggest that â€Å"vernacular† should be used to define the Standard English rather than the tern â€Å"non-standard† because it somehow impl ies a negative connotation to it.For professional teachers of English, they should be very careful with labeling and defining the sub-categories on English. English teachers are faced with issues such as first, with regards to the term â€Å"standard† which is a label in accordance with the people who are dominating a population and are likely to label the term to something that implies to having a prescription to use something that is labeled as â€Å"standard†.The term standard does not imply it being a â€Å"better† or â€Å"best† form of English, it just is a term governed by the rational process of standardization. Second, terms which describe the variety of English with â€Å"un-† or in this case, â€Å"uneducated† should be eliminated because of the negative connotations it brings. Third, there exists the realization that a system is present in contrasting between standard and no-standard. This system gives little help in specifying t he many sub groups of English speaking people based on the vocabulary, grammar or pronunciation. Fourth, it must be understood that any individual must speak more than one version of English because in a diverse society, the skill is needed and can be used appropriately in everyday communication settings.APPROACH IN TEACHING STANDARD ENGLISHIn today’s academic curriculum, specifically in grammar, the debate is not really about grammar, but rather language. Standard American English should be taught to students for them to grasp the essential style in communicating the English language. Katz and Stevens (1997) proposes that there should be a curriculum which is based on the model of foreign-language immersion programs that aims to teach students with Standard English to teach them the value and understanding of English whether it may be in writing, speaking, reading or understanding.The authors attributed their proposal based on the observation that the traditional curricula i n most schools through the traditional method has not been effective in reaching the student’s reading, writing, speaking, listening and grammar skills. Hatwell (1985) study suggests that even with the study on formal grammar rules; the knowledge acquired by students is not translated into practice. Also explained by Brosnahan and Neuieb (1995) mentions that one of the primary reasons why students are unable to transfer their knowledge into action is because teachers are not teaching the right method.The authors suggest that the best way is to create an environment in which students are comfortable in studying the complexities of grammar. After their study, Brosnahan and Neulied conclude that teachers are likely to effectively teach the medium if they themselves like the topic and this in turn motivates their students to learn. This is called the enthusiastic instruction approach in grammar. Unfortunately, the study does not reflect the improvement on the student’s gen eral facility with Standard English.According to Weaver (1979), the isolated grammar instruction could even hinder the language development, this situation because of the idea that the situation entails student’s isolation among their peers. Rather than practicing the formal ideas in the isolation instruction program, students are deprived of the time to either read, write and converse among their peers which could significantly help them in understanding Standard English.Krashen (1985) concluded in his study that the most efficient way to acquire a second language is through immersion. Standard English, in other areas in of the world are considered as their second language because basically, they do not use the language in everyday settings and situations. The immersion approach will allow students to learn Standard English in a situation and environment where they can interact with their peers, and use the language in the direct communication process of the program.Only aft er which student learns the faculty of the second language do they learn about the language itself, and this in the end will refine their usage and style. Immersion program will succeed as a method for teaching Standard English to native English speakers because it initiates the process by which children acquires their first language. This is accredited to the fact that children learn language holistically, first, through the immersion at home, and this leads to their understanding and communication ideas about their surroundings and with other people.Through immersion, children are stimulated continuously through their first language. To affectively teach this approach, it should encompass areas in speaking, writing, listening, and reading activities. Also, different activities should constantly be referring to this method for it to be effectively to be proven in a normal classroom setting. The school administrators should also take their role in being committed with this kind of a pproach; they should be the one to facilitate a cross-curricular immersion environment that explicitly uses the Standard English to emphasize its subjects.Teachers of the immersion curriculum should also work in teams to allow the continuum process of learning for both students and teachers. This will entail a positive direction that will keep students motivated and will provide an environment where cooperation is included in every class. It must be noted though that the Immersion approach will not benefit all students, only those students in an environment where Standard American English is used poses as the best environment to which the approach can be adapted.CONCLUSIONThe traditional instruction of English is seen as ineffective and the need for a language curriculum that adapts to the developing needs of the students to become linguistically competitive is realized. Current grammar instruction and traditional methods had failed to deliver the appropriate language and communicat ing skills to the students. This is the problem that the Immersion program wishes to solve. Standard English, considered as a second language, enables students to effectively communicate with other people that comprise the diverse society we live in today. This will help them become competent and confident later on in their lives. Discreet lessons concerning prescriptive grammar is not evidently shown in the student’s language composition or their oral communicating skill, thus, the Immersion program aims to bring literacy, composition and communication together for students to master the essential concepts of Standard American English.References:BIBER, D., ET AL. (1988) Variation Across Speech and Writing, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.BROSNAHAN, I. A. N., J. (1995) Teaching Grammar Affectively: Learning to Like Grammar   Porthsmouth, N.Y, Boyton/Cook.BYRD, P. (1999) Standard & Non-Standard English :The Dangers of Ill-defined Concepts.HARTWELL, P. (1985) Grammar, G rammars, and the Teaching of Grammar. College English, 47, 105-127.KRASHEN, S. (1985) Inquiries and Insights: Second Language Teaching, immersion, and Bilingual Education, Hayward, CA, Almany Press.STEVENS, K. A. (1997) Standard English Immersion for Native Speakers  Ã‚   PIPA.WEAVER, C. (1979) Grammar for Teachers, Urbana, IL, NCTE.

Race and Racial Group Essay

Search the Internet for groups and organizations promoting racial equality to help you complete this assignment. You may also refer to the Internet Resource Directory in Ch. 13 of Racial and Ethnic Groups. Using the information from the text and your web search: Identify one racial group from the list below:  · Hispanic American/Latino Write a 500- to 750-word paper from one of the perspectives below:  · A historian writing about the racial group in a book chapter  · A news reporter writing a newspaper article or blog entry about the racial group  · An individual member of the racial group, writing a personal letter to a friend who is not a member of that racial group Answer the following questions:  · What have been the experiences of this racial group throughout U.S. history?  · What have been the political, social, and cultural issues and concerns throughout American history?  · What legislation meant to constrain race within prejudicial boundaries was enacted? How did the various groups you researched fight this legislation? What legislation meant to alleviate prejudicial boundaries has been enacted? How did the various groups you researched promote this legislation? Assignment: Historical Report on Race Purpose of Assignment Students explore a variety of resources on racial equality and write a paper from a historical perspective relating to the experiences of a particular racial group in the United States. By understanding the history of experiences of various groups, students will be better prepared to connect historical experience to racial diversity today. Resource Required Internet Resource Directory in Ch. 13 of Racial and Ethnic Groups.

Scurity Policy Framework Outline Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Scurity Policy Framework Outline - Essay Example Agencies must in a position to share intelligence (personal data included) self-assuredly knowing it is dependable (Siponen, 2000), comprehensible and safeguarded to contracted standards irrespective of the format or the transmission mechanism. 1. This is the first of five Security Policies inside the ASWERA Security Policy Framework; delineating the obligatory security necessities and organizational provisions and measures to which all Branches and Agencies ought to adhere to (Gaggis, 2005). 2. Governance provisions for security highly depend on the conglomerate amid the midpoint of Administration, Branches, and Agencies (Siponen, 2000), persons employed in the security group, their distribution partners, and eventually all employed staff on behalf of ASWERA. 3. The Official Committee on Security is accountable for articulating the security policy and organizing its solicitation across management. Official Committee on Security is responsible for dealing with international societies (Keukeleire & Macnaughtan, 2008). Cabinet Office Government Security Secretariat specifies the secretariat for the Official Committee on Security and is accountable for initializing and collaborating this outline (Siponen, 2000), guaranteeing acquiescence with the least necessities, associate Departments and organizing an annual report to the Official Committee on Security on the state of security across Management (Keukeleire & Macnaughtan, 2008). Cabinet Office Government Security Secretariat performs its duties closely with the security and information society in evolving and reconsidering the security policies (Siponen, 2000). 4. Whilst security is a mutual concern for all the staff and the contractors, ultimate concern for security respites with Accounting Officers and their corresponding Management Panels, which ought to include a Senior Information Risk Owner (Siponen, 2000). The efficient use embracing the sharing and security of intelligence is a fundamental significance

Music in ghana Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Music in ghana - Research Paper Example However, the ethnic groups can be grouped into two due to substantial similarities and their geographical location are southern groups and the northern groups. The south is inhabited by the Gbe and broad Kwa language speaking ethnic groups. The music of this group is highly associated with the social and spiritual functions; the music relies on polyrhythmic patterns, which are produced by drums and bells, as well as strong emphasis that is laid in the harmonized song. The only exception to this rule is the use of the Seperewa harp-lute used by the Akan for praise singing. This, however, is a dying tradition, which routed its origin in the historic influence that arose from the traditions of the Manden empires that lie to the North West (Ham, 2009 p35). From the southern category, two main groups branch out: Ga and Akan ethical music genre and the Ewe music genre. The first group, Ga & Akan, is known for its court music that is complex; it includes the Ga kpanlogo and the Akan atumpan styles plus a large xylophone that is used in asonko music (Nketia,1999 p90). The Ewe music genre has fork styles that are related to music of Togo and Benin. This genre has contributed many popular styles e.g. the agbadza and borborbor. There many other styles of southern Ghana music, which are, sang at festivals (Collins, 2006 p76). The northern region lies in the barely vegetated Sudan and Sahel grassland (Ham, 2009 p57). The music genres in this region is grouped into the larger West African musical umbrella of Sahelian people in this region base all musical compositions to wind, melodic and stringed compositions .they also employ the technique of polyrhythmic composition. As with other groups in west Africa, the traditions of griot praise-singing exists among the various groups (Nketia,1999 p98). Two areas can be identified in the northern category, and these include the north and northeastern, and the upper northwestern Ghana

History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4250 words - 1

History - Essay Example Most important, however, was institutionalization, a further component of ‘religion-building’, to give these fledgling belief systems stability and resilience. Thus Buddhism underwent this process in India, well into the second decade of its existence, from where it emerged a world religion and in the case of Christianity and Islam, Constantine and the Abbasids performed this function. 2. 2Older religions were more localized and lacked the institutional underpinning that can be found in Buddhism, Christianity and Islam. Each of these religions in turn facilitated its broad geographical spread through institutional mechanisms, such as monastic communities in the case of Buddhism, the church for Christianity and an efficient communication network along the trade routes, based on merchant networks, for Islam and Buddhism. In addition, older religions were elite structures, excluded the masses from their power structure and usually had a large number of gods that need to be satisfied. In contract, the three big religions facilitated a more direct access to one God via easy to understand rituals. In the case of Hinduism, the attraction of Buddhism also included a departure from the caste system. 3. 3Rulers often used religion to underpin their power with divine approval. By claiming divine endorsement, they were able to obscure the boundaries between secular power and divine sanction. By claiming to derive power directly from God, the ruler was not accountable to anyone else, not subject to criticism by any other than God. More significant was that critique of the ruler amounted to critique of God and was therefore heresy. This royal absolutism began with Constantine and Theodosius but references can be found as early as Peter 2:13-17 in the New Testament. 4. 4An anthropological view of the Japanese religious structure points out that Japanese society operates a

Preventable Hospitalizations for Congestive Heart Failure Article

Preventable Hospitalizations for Congestive Heart Failure - Article Example The independent variable in the study is from the year 1995 to 2009 while the dependent variable is preventable hospitalization for congestive heart failure among adults in sampled hospitals (Will et al., 2012). The study design in the article is cross-sectional research design using a sample of age, sex, and race of the patients. The sample size is 501 to 525 hospitals representing one percent of United States hospitalizations. The study uses stratified sampling with the sample characteristics being age, sex, and race of patients hospitalized of CHF in participating hospitals. Data was collected from the 1995 to 2009 National Hospital Discharge Survey (NHDS) conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics (Will et al., 2012). Data collection methods were entrance records by hospitals of the CHF patients admitted between 1995 and 2009. The procedures conducted were the removal of severe CHF patients to ensure the sample taken included that of patients whose hospitalization was preventable (Will et al., 2012). Data analysis involved weighting CHF hospitalization from 1995 to 2009 for the people above 18 and summation of numbers of three consecutive years to form 7 periods whose rates w ere calculated 100,000 of the population. Standardization, development of confidence intervals, Z-tests, and other statistical tests followed the analysis. The results depict increased rates of CHF hospitalization among all ages, and blacks have higher hospitalization rates than whites (Will et al., 2012). The strengths of the article are the in-depth data analysis and use of large sample data. The study limitations are non-reporting of 17% to 21% of the CHF hospitalizations and classification of people as multiracial from 2000 onwards. Another liability is the inability to exclude CHF hospitalizations occurring from transfers from other facilities (Will et al., 2012). Heart Failure in Hispanics is a qualitative research study done in the United States where the risk  factors, etiological conditions, diagnosis and treatment, and barriers to health care are done on Hispanic Patients.  

Economics for Business and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economics for Business and Management - Essay Example According to Adams (2013), tin is mainly used in the manufacture of electronic items, and considering that the semiconductor sales which are a good indicator of the performance of the electronics industry, which seem to have moderately improved after undergoing a lengthy failing period from the summer of 2011 to the last quarter of 2012. The direct relationship between tin consumption and its price is demonstrated in figure 2 in comparison with figure 1; here it is clear that the price of the commodity increases when its demand is high and decreases when its demand is low. 9 9 Figure 2: Source: ITRI (http://www.fastmarkets.com/tin-analysis-and-research/tin-q12013) 9 Conclusion 10 References 11 Adams, W., 2013. Tin Analysis and Forecast Q1 2013. [ONLINE] Available at: 11 [Accessed 30 December 2013]. 11 Base metals.com., n.d. All about Tin. [Online] Available at: [Accessed 30 December 2013]. 11 Fraser, C., 2013. Tin Price set to move higher in 2013. [online] Available at: [Accessed 30 December 2013]. 11 Gandolfo, G., 2004. ... New York: NBER. 11 Tucker B., 2010. Macroeconomics for Today. Boston, MA: Cengage Learning. 12 TASK A Will the new carbon price results to decrease in pollution levels? Climate change is a serious and rampant global challenge that requires the input of all nations in addressing it. There is urgent need for concerted efforts of international response and national efforts to reduce greenhouse gas (GHC) emissions. The international community has made efforts to reverse this ugly trend by setting up The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) whose main mandate is to respond to climate change. Frank (2007) asserts that the convention has set up The Associated Kyoto Protocol, a global agreement that categorizes countries by their level of industrialization and commits some countries to reduce their CGH emission rates. The Kyoto Protocol requires developed countries to reduce GHG emissions to 5 per cent below 1990 levels by 2012. It is prudent to note that climate ch ange experts concur that tagging price on greenhouse gas release emissions is a potent strategy in a range of solutions put in place to curb the adverse effects of climate change. There is need for an effective carbon pricing system in which every tonne of pollution comes at a cost as opposed to being free. The system in structured in such a way that dirty energy sources pay more in carbon tax. The idea is logical and should not be viewed by the affected parties as a radical one; it is the best way to make entities embrace green technologies. For instance, if a pricing system exists, the economy will find it cost effective to build wind turbines instead of coal plants; instead of driving gas-powered cars, the economy will chose electric vehicles powered by renewable energy

Strategic Tourism Planing case study of city Brighton Essay

Strategic Tourism Planing case study of city Brighton - Essay Example 2. The purpose of the study is to find out the sustainable tourism plans of the city of Brighton & Hove. A tourism plan according to Stynes, D. & O’Halloran, C. (1987) must look at all the tourism resources, organization, markets within the region. It should also include economic, environmental, social, and institutional aspects of tourism development. The tourism plans of the city therefore must address all these issues. In analyzing the goals and objectives of the city plan, it is important to see if the plans serves the broader purpose, such as does it contribute to a broader tax base, how does it increase employment opportunities, expand recreational facilities, better educational programs, and how does it improve the quality of life. Destination places, like any economic product, has a life cycle and goes through several stages. It is like stages of cancer that comes in several stages wherein the fourth stage is the final blow – the termination of the life cycle. The first stage is the discovery stage wherein a number tourists come to a place seeking for â€Å"unspoiled† destination. The social impact at this stage is generally small and the residents welcome the tourists with positive attitudes. [BFSC} On the second stage, is the launching, wherein the host community is now ready to welcome the increasing number of tourists. The host community has started to provide facilities. Business starts first from a family base structure, but later on develops to a wider range as outsiders develop their business interests. Business develops into a mass market and novelty declines. Stage 3 is the stagnation wherein the market is saturated , the quality of services is no longer good, and there are signs of environmental degradation of the tourist destination. It is the worrying stage. (BFSC) Stage 4 marks the decline of tourism, and falling profits leads to withdrawal of business in the

Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery Planning Models Comparison Coursework

Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery Planning Models Comparison - Coursework Example irst model is the Seven Tiers recovery model that was developed by IBM in 1992 defining various methods important computer systems (Quintero etal., 2013). The model has seven levels in which data can be recovered with varying levels of success. The progression of the tiers from 1-7 is characterized by reduced recovery time and increasing chances of data recovery (Carstensen, Morgenthal & Golden, 2012). The second one is the Security Stack four-layer model that offers ways to comprehensively respond to an incident. The first layer deals in disaster recovery, the 2nd layer on business continuity, the 3rd on situation awareness and the last layer is on Government Policy and National Incident Management (Mikulsky & Carroll, 2011). This model reduces the tendency of business continuity and business recovery plans fragmentation which reduce their effectiveness in event of a disruption (Troppens, 2009). The 7 Tier and the Security Stack model bear similarities in that the progression in the levels ensures minimal data loss and reduces the time required for business recovery and continuity. In addition, they both offer different levels which can help improve the data recovery success. Lastly, they provide a multi-level approach that enhances business recovery and continuity (Snedaker, 2007). Carstensen, J., Morgenthal, J. P., & Golden, B. (2012).  Cloud Computing: Assessing the Risks. Ely: IT Governance Publishing. Retrieved from: http://books.google.co.ke/books?id=PORgAgAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=Carstensen,+J.,+Morgenthal,+J.+P.,+%26+Golden,+B.+(2012).+Cloud+Computing:+Assessing+the+Risks.+Ely:+IT+Governance+Publishing&hl=en&sa=X&ei=s5e_U9fDIOLT7AaHv4D4AQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false Mikulsky, D. & Carroll, T. (2011, June). The Security Stack for Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery. CSC. Retrieved from: http://www.csc.com/cybersecurity/insights/67598 the_security_stack_for_business_continuity_and_disaster_recovery Quintero, D., & International Business

Plato’s argument Essay Example for Free

Plato’s argument Essay I think Plato’s argument that what is holy and what is approved of by the gods are not the same thing is convincing. If we’ll take a deeper look, being holy and being approved of have a big difference in terms of standards and construction. First, what is holy means something that is sacred or sanctified. In terms of standards, the things that are considered holy are natural. Meaning, these are the things that have been blessed and considered holy because of divine interventions. In terms of construction, these are the things that are concrete. Meaning, these cannot be bend or changed in any situation that may occur. On the other hand, what are approved of by the gods are things that are created on a case to case basis depending on different factors like the notion of justice. Compared to those that are holy, those that are approved by the gods may be changed or modified. What is holy may or may not be approved by the gods, while what is approved of by the gods may or may not be considered holy. Discussion 4: Though there are the co-called â€Å"white lies† that are used so that people won’t be able to hurt other people from the truth and protect their personal interests, still a lie is a lie. For me, there are no particular incidents by which we can say that it is right to lie. As I’ve heard before, â€Å"A lie only produces a thousand more lies. † Truth hurts but lies are worst. Also, it has been stated that telling a lie is a sin. May it be minimal, still, it is lying. Kant said that moral good must be based on reason. If a person would tell a lie for the reason of protecting his/her personal interest, is the lie considered moral? Of course not. Because it was also stated that â€Å"Kant wants to use moral principles as a protection against people that would want to behave only in their own best interests, for personal gain, or based only on feelings. † I think, the scope of morality is way too big because morality may also depend on each culture and belief that people possess. Discussion 5: Most situations that we see on TV and even in real life are scenarios of big kids bullying the smaller ones in school. The big kids would harass the smaller ones to make them do their assignments, exams and even take money or snacks from them. This can be a simple example of using other person merely as means. On the other hand, there are also those who are kind who protect the smaller kids and help them to keep away from the bullies. This is a case in which a person is respecting another person as an end-in-him/herself. Referring to Kant’s text, â€Å"The moral system of Kant depends too on the idea of our freedom. Kant describes being free as following our own rational principles, instead of just our desires , I think it is impossible to live a life in which we do not use other people merely as means. This is because, there are no perfect persons in the world and when we sometimes use our freedom, we tend to choose to do the things that would benefit us rather than opt those that are entirely moral and rational. Not using a person in this world is much too ideal. Discussion 6: I believe that people should do what is in their own self interest as long as is morally right and does not oppose any rules or law governing him/her. I don’t agree with Ethical Egoism. Indeed, there are things which we desire or want for ourselves. But, the first question we should ask is â€Å"Do we really need what we want? † because in the first place, not everything we want is really essential to us. A â€Å"want† is different from a â€Å"need†. Also, what we ought to do is analyze the things we want. If we think these â€Å"wants† are justifiable and attainable but in a righteous way, then maybe we can pursue these. If I have the ring, I’ll think very carefully of what to do with it. Ideally, I would do what is rightful and fair. Discussion 7: I don’t agree with Mill that the proper standard of making the world a better place is through happiness. Mill stated that â€Å"actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness†¦ the happiness of a group of individuals taken as a whole is desirable for the group as a whole†. Let’s say for example, we have a group of corrupt politicians. Their action to produce happiness is through corruption and what is desirable for their group is stealing millions of money from the people for their personal benefit. It supports the idea of Mill yet did they make the world a better place? No. therefore, happiness is not the proper standard of making the world a better place.

Business Ratio Essay Example for Free

Business Ratio Essay The profit margin is mostly used for internal comparison. Individual businesses operating and financing arrangements vary so much that different entities are bound to have different levels of expenditure, so that comparison of one with another can have little meaning. Digi has a highest net profit margin ratio among the 3 company which is 21.03%, while Axiata and YTL have 14.26% and 7.87%. YTL with a lowest profit margin indicates a low margin of safety: higher risk that a decline in sales will erase profits and result in a net loss. Profit margin is an indicator of a companys pricing strategies and how well it controls costs. Differences in competitive strategy and product mix cause the profit margin to vary among different companies. Liquidity ratio (current ratio) The current ratio is an indication of a firms market liquidity and ability to meet creditors demands. Acceptable current ratios vary from industry to industry and are generally between 1.5 and 3 for healthy businesses. Axiata and YTL have a current ratio that is 1.1632 and 1.3149 is near to this range, it generally indicates moderate short-term financial strength. Digi has a current ratio that below 1, the current liabilities exceed current assets. Digi may have problems meeting its short-term obligations. Low values for the current ratios indicate that Digi may have difficulty meeting current obligations. But if inventory turns over much more rapidly than the accounts payable become due, then the current ratio will be less than one. This can allow Digi to operate with a low current ratio. Leverage ratio (Debt ratio) YTL debt ratio is 0.7403 which is higher than Axiata and Digi which is 0.4826 and 0.7098. The higher the ratio means the greater risk will be associated with the firms operation. In addition, high debt to assets ratio may indicate low borrowing capacity of a firm, which in turn will lower the firms financial flexibility. The debt ratio shows the proportion of a companys assets which are financed through debt. The ratio of Axiata is less than 0.5, most of the companys assets are financed through equity. Companies with high debt ratios are said to be highly leveraged, not highly liquid as stated above. Digi and YTL with a high debt ratio could be in danger if creditors start to demand repayment of debt. Activity Ratio (Total assets turn over) Asset turnover is a financial ratio that measures the efficiency of a companys use of its assets in generating sales revenue or sales income to the company. Companies with low profit margins tend to have high asset turnover, while those with high profit margins have low asset turnover. Digi has a profit margins which is 1.193times is much higher than Axiata and YTL, 0.4182times and 0.3892times. These show that Digi has a high asset turnover while Axiata and YTL have low asset turnover. Companies in the retail industry tend to have a very high turnover ratio due mainly to cutthroat and competitive pricing. Market Ratio (Earnings per Share ratio) Earnings per share are the amount of earnings per each outstanding share of a companys stock. In the United States, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) requires companies income statements to report EPS for each of the major categories of the income statement: continuing operations, discontinued operations, extraordinary items, and net income. Axita has the highest market ratio which is 28sen out of every ordinary share. Digi and YTL have lower market ratio, 16.1sen and 11.53sen. Compare with Digi and YTL, Axiata has the highest market value. Axiata earn 28sen out of every ordinary share. Days Sales Outstanding (DSO) Ratio Day sales outstanding are a calculation used by a company to estimate their average collection period. It is a financial ratio that illustrates how well a companys accounts receivables are being managed. The day’s sales outstanding analysis provides general information about the number of days on average that customers take to pay invoices. YTL has higher DSO ratio, 72.72days can indicate a customer base with credit problems and is deficient in its collections activity. Digi and Axiata which have a lower ratio, 27.96days and 46.74days may indicate that firms credit policy is too rigorous, which may be hampering sales.

College English Multimodal Teaching and Autonomic Learning

College English Multimodal Teaching and Autonomic Learning Study on the Relationship between College English Multimodal Teaching and Autonomic Learning Keywords: English, multi-modal teaching, English teaching, autonomous learning, relevance. Abstract. University English multi-modal teaching model is an important trend in college English teaching reform. With the development of multimedia technology, multi-modal teaching PPT presentation can give students a variety of modes of cognitive stimulation in the classroom. By teaching examples experimental classes and control classes, study the relationship between college English multi-modal teaching and student learning performance between. Experimental results show that multi-modal teaching model conforms to the development trend of college English teaching, to maintain students interest in learning English, improve their English proficiency and efficiency of memory are related. Teachers should utilize multi-modal teaching methods to inspire students to a variety of modes of interaction, multi-modal students reading ability. Multi-modal teaching model has changed the traditional classroom teaching English writing mainly to textbooks as the main teaching content teaching. Writ ing in College English teaching, teachers take full advantage of modern media, with pictures, video and other modes of physical activity, the rational organization of teaching content and students are encouraged to write in after-school training and self-learning multi-modal under. Practice has proved that this teaching model to enhance the college English classroom teaching also has a strong practical significance. Introduction With globalization, the current classroom teaching cannot meet the development needs of students teachers need to actively develop the means to acquire new knowledge and information, access to more learning resources. Modern science and technology and the development of multi-modal theory, there are many new presentation of learning resources and information, such as the construction of online teaching and learning platform, multi-modal learning courseware development will be translated into new teaching methods, also will be the new teaching mode, teaching and learning methods in foreign language teaching is becoming possible, this way, foreign language teaching in multi-modal become a necessity. Therefore, not only teachers can take advantage of new educational technologies to improve teaching effectiveness, students can also take advantage of modern science and technology to search for new information resources, multimedia platform for independent learning and innovative practice. Multi-modal in foreign language learning in the field of application, so that learners by accepting the information perception, understanding, encoding and storage, the resulting input information and knowledge stored polyethylene while providing protection for the unconscious and conscious language output, thereby make language learning the formation of a virtuous circle. However, in the multi-modal and information age, especially in the era of knowledge explosion, classroom teaching alone cannot meet the needs of students knowledge and capabilities, urgent need to develop self-learning and multi-modal network learning, teachers should learn how to new age guide or guide student learning. Multimodal Discourse theory emerged in the 1990s, Western countries, Western researchers in critical discourse analysis, based on the research results of social semiotics, functional grammar system and the traditional discourse analysis and other fields evolved. Study abroad from the point of view, R.Barthes is the first multi-modal discourse analysis linguist, major aspects of the relationship from the expression of pictures and words to explore the significance of discourse analysis. In the high-tech and computer network popular today, teaching methods should also be with the times. College English classes in order to teach a lively, in order to attract students interest and attention, teachers need to have a wide range of teaching methods and skills, and to make such an extensive collection of pictures, video, animation and other information, design the new form the PPT, and flexible integration of multi-modal teaching methods to inspire students to a variety of modes of interaction, multimodal students reading ability.   Ã‚   Figure.1 Multimodal Teaching The Proposed Methodology Multi-modal teaching concepts.Humans through the five senses to perceive the vastness of the world, the perception of these five channels produced five communication modes: visual modal, modal auditory, tactile mode, smell and taste modal. The so-called modal refers to the human sensory channel through interaction with the external environment, including the use of language, images, sounds, movements and other means and symbolic resources. Two or more single mode constitute multi-modal, such as traditional text-text is single-mode, film, television with images, charts books, magazines, newspapers and other materials compared with multi-modal, and or audio on your computer, video, and subtitles are multimodal texts. So, we can say that each modality are symbolic resources, together, constitute the overall meaning. For example, dogs sense of smell through modal perceive the world; mainly through the visual modality deaf to communicate with people; blind listening to music, reading Braille rely on auditory and tactile modality; children and illiterate primarily through auditory and visual modality learn their mother tongue and many more. We experience the world from a variety of channels and we also will be the integration of a variety of sensory coordination. Multi-modal teaching belongs to the scope of multi-modal discourse between teachers and students to communicate in five different modes of communication and symbolic resources. The role of multi-modal PPT.With the widespread use of multimedia classrooms in universities, multi-modal presentation of the PPT can arouse students interest in learning objectives from a variety of sensory and symbolic resources, various modal information Courseware text, image, audio, video, etc. carrier carrying a large amount of text, extensions rich information on all aspects of the field of vision, extra-curricular knowledge, group activities, etc., and its hypertext, hyperlinks feature can fully mobilize the students various senses, encourage students to expand thinking, to deepen the impression and strengthen memory the goal of. Excellent multi-modal PPT information should not be too much, there must be focus and difficulty, students thinking to leave room for discussion. Courseware to form simple, elegant, not too fancy, because too much emphasis on the external form but will reduce students text content and meaning of the note, which have a negative impact on language acquisition. Multi-modal teaching PPT presentation slide show mode is not simply, but the method of teaching courseware and teacher and student learning characteristics combine to attract students interest in learning, and ultimately improve student achievement. Multimodal Discourse domestic research has just begun, for multi-modal teaching research less. I tried teaching the following examples explore different modalities in teaching roles and the relationship between them, observe the relevant multi-modal teaching and student learning, as well as multi-modal teaching to enhance students memory Have a facilitating role. Multi-modal theory.In foreign multi-modal theory it has now been widely used in language teaching, and gradually formed a unique theoretical system and research methods. Multimodal refers to mankind through the senses (sight, hearing, touch, etc.) interact with the external environment (people, machines, objects, etc.) between. In the information age and these different modes of reproduction plays the same role in the level of significance. Multi-modal theory and foreign language teaching are closely linked. On the one hand, foreign language teaching reform to promote the multi-modal theory in foreign language teaching practice. On the other hand, multi-modal theory, in turn, to the development of foreign language teaching reform provided an opportunity. Therefore, the introduction of writing in English classroom teaching multi-modal teaching methods, for teachers and students before class, during, and after the exchange, learning provide multi-faceted communication platform, independent of time, space and distance and other factors constraints, closer through text, images, audio, video and other network resources the distance between teachers and students, their communication is unimpeded, between students can also explore the pros and cons of the process of teaching and learning experience from each other, to increase the writing course interest in the teaching process can be controlled in perfect order, flipped class room fully accessible, easy to achieve the established teaching plans and teaching goal setting, to achieve good teaching results. Autonomous Learning Ability.Writing is an important part of language teaching and learning, whether Chinese or English, teaching of writing have become an important part of language teaching, improve writing skills for their future application in the language class related work or engaged in related research is is particularly important in the actual language teaching and learning process, writing has always been a difficulty. Scholars believe that student lack proper training and learning guidance system resulting in many students writing skills are relatively low. Multi-modal teaching model, teachers in many ways photos, videos and physical activities to stimulate learners senses and create scenarios, make full use of Internet and other modern media to regulate the classroom atmosphere, enhance classroom effect to mobilize students cognitive senses, for example, teachers in the classroom writing multi-modal information is presented to the relevant images, text, sound and other stimuli, flexibility and control over the validity of learning resources, to maximize the students immersed in the establishment language scenario to attract the attention of students, to stimulate students cognitive and acceptance of writing tasks, so as to achieve the desired effect of teaching writing. Based on College English Writing Class multimodal learning environment, teachers should abandon the language taught in single-mode input methods, should through auditory, visual and other means of teaching methods of online media to create a multi-dimensional dynamic language learning environment the students brain is stimulated by external stimuli, resulting in a positive learning effect. Self-learning in the classroom should reflect the student-centered, independent learning by students ability to self-analysis, exploration, practice, creation, to achieve to achieve learning objectives. Multi-modal self-learning mode.College English Writing Mode Multimode state for Students interest in writing and the promotion of writing self-learning ability is obvious. Specifically, students can take advantage of multi-modal model and the teachers computer network to provide media, the students complete their own conscious or cognitive activities, play the role of language acquisition, to achieve the conversion of knowledge into skills. In the whole writing part of autonomous learning, teachers play a leading role, plays the main role of the student, multimedia computer network played a good supporting role. Visible, College English Writing Mode Multimode state has played both inside and outside the classroom to promote a virtuous circle beneficial role in promoting the students English writing from passive to active, play a student initiative and enthusiasm for learning, teaching and learning to promote common progress and develop together. Meanwhile, the multi-modal autonomous learning of teachers and students to promote the implementation of the emotions, reduce their writing anxiety, improve students interest in learning, teamwork to enhance their knowledge and ability of college student practical ability. In addition, the angle of teaching practice, the principle of multi-modal reflect individualized is to respect individual differences of learners in the understanding of individual learners in language ability, cognitive style, motivation, attitude and personality and other aspects of the differences on the basis of carried out of suitable teaching methods and teaching mode. Although college English writing, multi-modal network media teaching platform Teaching Writing Course pointed out the direction, but we must also soberly aware that, to the network platform for some of the potential pitfalls of teaching needs to be sufficient attention, also committed to encouraging students to implement effective self-learning in multi-modal under. Only in this way, the network media Teaching Resources under the multi-modal can really provide maximum supplementary language learning platform for teachers and students. Conclusion A variety of multi-modal teaching activities can motivate the student, the student group discussions in the classroom, English debate, role play reading, educational games, create their own little drama in English, see pictures retell stories inspired little English students enthusiasm, and strengthen the cooperative learning groups, students Multi-literacies further improved. The first phase of the transition from traditional English teaching to the second stage of the multi-modal English teaching, teaching effect has been significantly improved. At the same time, students can use in their spare College English autonomous learning system, increasing the modal auditory and visual input modes, search the Internet and organize learning materials relevant to the subject, and in the classroom with PPT displayed, to cultivate and improve their English autonomous learning ability, creative thinking and the ability of the integrated use of English plays an important role. The effectiveness of multi-modal college English teaching model has been verified in teaching practice. University English multi-modal teaching mode changes the rigid traditional language teaching, monotonous, dull teaching atmosphere in class is introduced, except language non-verbal symbols, a combination of non-verbal form of images, video, music and other multi-modal symbol for the development of multi-modal teaching provided a new impetus to creating a new language teaching education information age. Meanwhile, the lack of research, such as the number of samples used in experimental studies is too small and a relatively short cycle, I expect to have more researchers to be amended in the future and improve teaching practice, in order to promote college English teaching deepening reform. References 1. Lu, Lu. The Application of British Parliamentary Debate in College English Classroom from Multimodal Perspective. 2013 International Conference on Advanced ICT and Education (ICAICTE-13). Atlantis Press, 2013. 2. Wang, Qian. A Case Study on College English TeacherS Non-Verbal Behaviours under the Setting of Multimodality. International Journal of English Language Teaching 3.6 (2015): 21-31. 3. Dryer, Dylan B., et al. Revising FYC Outcomes for a Multimodal, Digitally Composed World: The WPA Outcomes Statement for First-Year Composition (Version 3.0). WPA: Writing Program Administration-Journal of the Council of Writing Program Administrators 38.1 (2014). 4. Yan, S. U. N. Multimodal Teaching of An Introduction to British and American CultureBased on the Theory of Constructivism. Journal of Nanyang Normal University 7 (2014): 019. 5. McKenzie, Cori, Michael Macaluso, and Kati Macaluso. Finding Footholds in a Construction Zone: Navigating the Discourses of English Language Arts with Pre-Service Teachers in the 21st Century. Innovations in English Language Arts Teacher Education. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2017. 5-26.

Television And Child development Essay -- Communication, Media, TV

â€Å"Television† is. An electronic device that receives television signals and displays them on a screen. Is it impossible for any late night TV viewer to miss the infomercials for the numerous DVDs and television programs to help make their child into a genius? I doubt it, if parents were to let their voices be herd I know something will be done because I was taught that I live in a country that was built by the people for the people television has gradually become the most influential media in the development of different patterns of behavior of the viewers, children and adolescents worldwide have grown together with the evolution of the television market. Various studies indicate that the relationship between television and behavior exists, but it has been difficult to identify any causal link. the effects are many and mostly negative. Much of the research has been conducted to test the relationship between television and aggressive behavior, because in some studies on social learning summits conducted by Bandura, Ross and Ross (1963) found that when children were exposed to aggressive models, imitate this kind of behavior in later game situations, especially when involving toys similar to those that were in the televised scenes. Most agree that further research there is a high correlation between exposure to the environment and the aggressive and violent behavior, so does the acceptance of violence of others ( Bandura, 2002). Laboratory studies also indicate that when children are exposed to violent programs later act more aggressively (Paik & Comstock, 1994), it raises blood pressure (Huesmann et al., 1994) and fight more with playmates . In this direction, a study by Boyatzis and Matilla (1995) focused on the effects of a popul... ...es issued an average of 23 commercials per hour, suggesting cereal, cookies, snack foods, soft drinks and candy. That too many food commercials suggest, is partly related to childhood obesity. Moreover, the over-representation of ideal body images may contribute to the problem of anorexia nervosa, especially in adolescents, because of the anxiety it causes. If an overweight child learns how important TV is to maintain the shape of an exaggerated way, will continue to develop complex and consequently diet tips and they say on TV, besides the error values that will be assimilated. More than half of the advertising contains inaccurate information, misleading, or both, but the children believe to be true. So that the TV not only offers but requires experience, conditioning our children as they are the main target towards which led most of the commercials.

Twelve Angry Men Essay -- Twelve Angry Men

Twelve Angry Men The jury in a trial is selected to examine certain facts and determine truth based only upon the evidence presented to them in court. It is assumed that the jurors will judge fairly and without any personal bias. In spite of this assumption people will be people and in some cases, logic and emotion will collide. An excellent example that shows precisely what I’m talking about is in the movie Twelve Angry Men. Twelve men who initially are strangers to each other have the fate of a young boy resting in the palm of their hands. In the beginning everyone is convinced he is guilty except one who has one reasonable doubt in his mind. The single man on his own was able to convince each of them by using logic to examine the testimony of each witness. After a few hours of reasoning the jurors were eventually won over allowing the facts to overcome their personal issues. During the arguments in the jury room the issues of race, age, social class, personal experience and stereo types are discussed a number of times. I presume it is because those are the personal issues that people have and sometimes that is what they base their judgment on. When you are in a jury you have the responsibility of setting all of that aside. Through the reasoning of the not-guilty voters the guilty voters are slowly realizing that despite their passed and personal reasons they have to take into consideration the more important actual events that occurred. Part of the problem the jurors are...

The Character of Ophelia in Shakespeares Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

The Character of Ophelia in Hamlet      Ã‚   Of all the pivotal characters in Hamlet, Ophelia is the most static and one-dimensional. She has the potential to become a tragic heroine; to overcome the adversities inflicted upon her, but she instead crumbles into insanity, becoming merely tragic. This is because Ophelia herself is not as important as her representation of the duel nature of women in the play. Ophelia serves a distinct purpose: to show at once Hamlet's warped view of women as callous sexual predators, and the innocence and virtue of women.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The extent to which Hamlet feels betrayed by Gertrude is far more apparent with the addition of Ophelia to the play. Hamlet's feelings of rage against his mother can be directed toward Ophelia, who is, in his estimation, hiding her base nature behind a guise of impeccability. Through Ophelia we witness Hamlet's evolution, or de-evolution into a man convinced that all women are whores; that the women who seem most pure are inside black with corruption and sexual desire. And if women are harlots, then they must have their procurers. Gertrude has been made a whore by Claudius, and Ophelia has been made a whore by her father. In Act II, Polonius makes arrangements to use the alluring Ophelia to discover why Hamlet is behaving so curiously. Hamlet is not in the room but it seems obvious from the following lines that he has overheard Polonius trying to use his daughter's charms to suit his underhanded purposes. In Hamlet's distraught mind, there is no gray area: Polonius prostitutes his daughter. And Hamlet tells him so to his face, labeling him a "fishmonger", even if Polonius cannot decipher the meaning behind Hamlet's words. As Kay Stanton argues in her essay Hamlet's Whores:    Perhaps it may be granted...that what makes a woman a whore in the Hamlets' estimation is her sexual use by not one man but by more than one man.... what seems to enrage [Hamlet] in the 'nunnery' interlude is that Ophelia has put her sense of love and duty for another man above her sense of love and duty for him, just as Gertrude put her sense of love and duty for her new husband above her sense of love and duty for her old. Gertrude chose a brother over a dead Hamlet; Ophelia chooses a father over a living Hamlet: both choices can be read as additionally sexually perverse in being, to Hamlet, 'incestuous'.

Automatic Speech Recognition Systems

In addition, the author will evaluate his level of inform in speaking the contents of term paper as opposed to typing one. And lastly, the level of organization required to use speech recognition as opposed to typing. The first automated speech recognition system the author will analyze is produced by a company called Application Technology, or Pupate. Pupate is located in McLean, Virginia, and has been in the Human Language Technology field for over 20 years. Appetites CARS product is called Plainspoken, and is used for speech dictation, broadcast and telephony.This program can do anything from a simple chain of numbers to vocabularies of up to 100,000 words. Plainspoken recognizes continuous speech, offers gender-independent speech recognition, as well as speaker dependent and speaker Independent modes. Opalescence also offers a scalable vocabulary as well as a scalable number of recognized languages. At this time however, the author of this paper was unable to locate a price for t his product on the manufacturers also known as Dragon Naturally Speaking.Nuance offers several different versions from the basic to a more advanced version for legal professionals. Nuance offers several different accent features from Spanish to Southern as well as several vocabulary options. Nuance allows for custom creation of text-to-graphics commands. This software works with PC's as well as multiple types of mobile devices, and is compatible with a multitude of applications. The price range of this product varies from $99 to $1199. (nuance. Com, 2009) The final company and product the author will review is Namespace.Namespace was established in 1996, when Andrew Taylor realized that the Macintosh platform was losing ground in the speech recognition software arena. Like the product from Nuance, Namespace offers several different versions. Their versions vary from a standard dictation version up to a legal reflections version. What is unique about Namespace is that it offers an In ternational version, which supports English, French, German and Italian. The price range is from $195 to $595 for the Namespace program.The drawback here is that this program is primarily written for the Mac computer. (namespace. Com, 2009) Unfortunately, the author was unable to find as much information as he would have liked about the companies and products. If the author had to use this type of product to produce a term paper, I would feel very uncomfortable. I feel I would have lost some aspect of control if I were to use an CARS to produce a term paper. In addition, it would be difficult to Judge the effectiveness and accuracy of an CARS.

‘That doom abided, / but in time it would come’ (Beowulf, lines 83-4)

It is indeed immediately evident to the reader (or listener) of Beowulf, that the poem is heavily laden with themes of fate and destiny. I would even go as far as saying that it is partly the weight that these themes lend that gives Beowulf its rich and beautiful quality. These themes are present throughout the text, for instance the creation of Heorot comes with the prophecy of its doom, with â€Å"its gables wide and high and awaiting / a barbarous burning† (lines 82-3). We are also given the cause for such a fate, namely blood feud between in-laws. The inevitable doom associated with blood feuds, and its associated fratricide, is also present at the end of the text with the wild prediction of the war and destruction of the Geat nation at the Shylfing's hands. It is also interesting to note here that the poem is book ended by funerals, death being the inevitable conclusion of fate, and also with prophecy, particularly effective for a contemporary audience knowledgeable of the outcomes of such prognostications. However, it is in the episode of Beowulf's fight against the dragon that we see the most signposted manifestation of fate: He was sad at heart, Unsettled yet ready, sensing his death. His fate hovered near, unknowable but certain (2419-2421) From the offset, we are told that Beowulf will die in this final battle, with the effect of altering our perception of the final fight; we see it as tragic and heroic, this warrior king fighting despite sensing his fate near at hand. This gives the weight to the dragon fight, gives it its grim, poetic beauty. Here fate is expressed as a sense of foreboding, external to any value judgement. This would have a concept familiar to the Germanic tradition of wyrd, or doom. However, if this is to be considered as evidence of the Anglo-Saxon concept of doom, then in the poem we are also able to see the Christian equivalent, which can perhaps be better referred to as divine providence. In this interpretation of destiny, there is an integral component of judgement, whereby destiny is set out by God. This approach to destiny can be seen at numerous points, for example â€Å"a comfort sent / by God to that nation† (13-4). Here we can clearly see the influence of Christian beliefs in the narrative voice of the poet. The evidence of divine intervention can be found elsewhere in Beowulf, for example in his fight against Grendel's mother: It was easy for the Lord, the Ruler of Heaven, to redress the balance once Beowulf got back on his feet. (1554-6) This has the effect of showing that all outcomes are ultimately attributable to God, here reinforcing the positive characterisation of Beowulf by essentially saying that God is in support of him. The poet was here faced with a challenge when intertwining the themes of Christian providence and pagan wyrd, namely how do you tell an essentially pagan story of a warrior hero while staying true to a contrasting theological belief? In reply, we can identify several features of the Beowulf poem that allow a satisfactory reconciliation of these apparently antithetical themes. The first is an identification of Beowulf and the other Germanic pagan heroes with God through their opposition to evil. An exemplification of this is that Grendel is intimately associated with sin and hell, for example in the description of him as â€Å"a fiend out of hell† (100) and the passage: he had dwelt for a time in misery among the banished monsters, Cain's clan, whom the Creator had outlawed and condemned as outcasts. (104-7) Therefore, if Beowulf represents the purging factor that destroys the evil of Grendel and his mother, then by implication he is identified as an agent of God, an important point as it demonstrates that he is under the influence of providence whilst still subject to his doom. In a number of ways the heroic characters are distanced from the paganism that they historically must hold, in particular they adhere to characteristically Christian formulas of worship. An example of this is â€Å"They thanked God / for that easy crossing on a calm sea† (227-8), which is instantly recognisable as an un-pagan thanksgiving to the providence of a single God. Indeed, throughout Beowulf there are signs that these pagans worshiped a monotheistic precursor to Christianity, rather than the polytheistic idol worship that would be extremely difficult to excuse from a Christian viewpoint. Thomas D. Hill points out that this would allow an approach similar to later humanists, such as Dante who placed such figures as Aristotle, Cato and Rifeo (all pagan) variously in hell, limbo or heaven. This in turn has the effect of allowing the providence theme to sit alongside that of doom because the distancing of the heroic characters from paganism conversely allows their more believable association with God's fate. To further this effect, there is a selective assimilation of Christian sources into the poem. This is exampled by the numerous references to the Old Testament, in particular to the race of Giants – e.g. â€Å"and the giants too who strove with God† (113) – and to the original sin and banishment of Cain for the murder of Abel (105-114). This enables a listener from a Germanic culture to more readily accept the Christian overtones, as the Old Testament is notably closer to their own in its values than the New Testament, as well as the characters to be portrayed as what Hill refers to as â€Å"Noachites†, a people possessing the intrinsic monotheism of Noah but before the â€Å"revealed knowledge of God †¦granted to Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, a tradition culminated by the revelation of Law to Moses†. Thus, although at one point the poem does iterate that they were damned as pagans because â€Å"The Almighty Judge / of good deeds and bad, the Lord God, /†¦ was unknown to them† (180-3) (which is possibly explained as an interpolation), it enables the poet to suggest that these pagan heroes could, in fact, be fated for salvation by God and in death go to heaven, such as Hrethel who â€Å"chose God's light† (2469). Thus, we can see how the poet of Beowulf reconciles these two divergent themes of fate and destiny, on one hand doom and on the other providence. In this respect the poem therefore also represents a much larger scale co-assimilation and synthesis of the Germanic and Christian traditions. The resulting fine balance struck by the poet between them is highly interesting from a literary viewpoint and also gives the poem an intense and rich atmosphere. Conclusion: Thus we can see how the poet reconciles these two different strands of fate, on one hand doom and on the other providence. In this respect the poem therefore also represents the co-assimilation of the Germanic and Christian traditions.

A1 Steak

A1-Steak Sauce: Lawry’s Defense Problem Statement: A1 Steak Sauce is a brand of Kraft Foods with little competition in the steak sauce market. The product currently has the majority dollar and volume market shares in the steak sauce market. However, unit and volume sales have remained flat. Lawry’s, which is owned by Unilever, has announced an April 1st launch of its own steak sauce. Lawry’s has approached Publix and requesting the Memorial Day ad with a 2-for-$5 price. Now Publix is telling A1 to either match Lawry’s ad or lose its place.Target markets: * The target market for A1 steak sauce consists of educated adults with in the United States who purchase groceries in mass merchandise stores. Since A1 is a premier steak sauce product and our price is considered inelastic due to its high quality, the average household income consists of households with a median income of $60,000. The target market is those men and woman who not only enjoy beef, but enjoy the process of grilling and cooking while adding condiments to their meal.A1 has established a loyal consumer base that prefers quality, they make more than the average household income and their meat of choice is often steak. Product strategy: * Branding / product line: * The current lines of A1 products consist of; Bold & Spicy, Thick & Hearty, Smokey Mesquite and Original. * The steak sauce industry is stagnant and due to the maturity of this product the steak sauce industry must expanded to a potential new market. ( However A1’s RMS = 3. 75) * By focusing our attention on market penetration of the steak sauce we can persuade our loyal consumer base that there is more than one benefit of the steak sauce and that it can be utilized with other meat product; thus equating to more purchases. * Product positioning statement: * â€Å"A1 Sauce controls 50 percent of the market share for a reason; they provide a high quality flavor to all steak and meat products which cannot be replicated by Heinz, Lawry’s or private labels. † * Slogan: â€Å"You deserve the best. † Promotion Strategy: Advertising: 16 Million Budget: Process of allocating prices to combat competition such as Lawry’s while simultaneously growing the steak sauce market itself. * Utilizing a Pulsing advertisement plan where advertisements are shown throughout the year but at very low levels, then boasting the majority of the advertising budget during the summer months when grilling is at its peak. * Lawry’s stating that it is planning to â€Å"†¦spend 20 million on advertising, concentrated in the months of May June and July† (pg. 5) would be completely over shadowed if A1 were to shift to a pulsing marketing strategy rather than a continuous. Strategy: Using a humor appeal, and a testimonial appeal from professional grillers that express there’s no comparison when you want to add the best flavor to your meats. * Television: * Advantages: I t reaches a large target audience, and engages consumers with visual effects. * Since we are following the pulsing strategy in terms of advertising we want to concentrate most of our television exposure in the summer months, while significantly limiting the television ads throughout the rest of the year. TV provides visuals, and ads should concentrate on barbeque scenic grilling events, full of friends and family. Primarily showed during the summer grilling months. * TV: 12Mil * Magazines: * Advertisements in Magazines much like television can be catered to a specific audience. Focusing on common magazine such as Sports Illustrated, ESPN, TIME and FORBES to name a few can garner a lot of the grilling demographic who will be interested in purchasing A1 sauce. * Magazines also provide long-term ad exposure seeing as they can be view periodically throughout the year. Advertisements: Should focus on family grilling events, A1 predominately on the picnic table surrounded by all different meats; including chicken, steak, beef†¦ to emphasize that A1 is a universal product. * Magazines: 2 Mil * Internet: * Utilize Search Engine Optimization to increase traffic towards the main A1 website. * Become more interactive with the consumer on their website; showcase the diverse ways to utilize A1 sauce on different meat products. * â€Å"Lawry’s Live† provides the hottest grilling trends. (pg. 5) * Internet/Online: 2 MilConsumer Promotions: 5. 5 Million * Sweepstakes: Create a way for consumers to become more interactive with the product by creating a sweepstakes to get an entire meal catered by A1, or free A1 sauce for a portion of time. * FSI’s (Free Standing Inserts): An FSI is an advertisement within a group of Ad’s within a print publication (Mass merchandiser Coupons) Utilize these during the prime grilling months such as Labor Day and Fourth of July. (2mil) (1mil each) * Consumer Promotions: 6 Mil Trade Promotion: 23 Million Utilizing P oint of sale displays in checkout lines will prompt consumers to purchase steak sauce. * Acquire higher amount of shelf space to distinguish itself away from the competition, this can be done by utilizing promotional allowances to create discounts. * Maintain the Publix ad by matching Lawry’s 2 for 5 dollar deal during Memorial Day. Obviously Publix will choose A1’s ad over that of Lawry’s due to their close business relationship. * Trade Promotions: 23 Mil Distribution: * Continue supply of A1 sauce to all restaurants to carry on the 9 to 10 ratio. Continue utilizing intensive distribution within all mass merchandisers and grocery stores within the US; maintain the ease of purchase by consumers. (They should never feel like they can’t locate the product) Pricing: * 4. 99 per 10oz bottle. * Utilizing a pricing method on what the competition does specifically Lawry’s. * Using this competition oriented pricing strategy to benchmark A1 sauce is no goo d, maintain price above the competition. * Lawry’s is set to rival A1 sauce yet it is below market standards in price, this should not play a significant factor in purchaser’s decision due to high brand loyalty of the A1 sauce product.

Air Asia- Porter’s Five Forces

Porter’s five forces Michael E. Porter claimed that there are five competitive forces which can shape every industry by identify and analysis those five forces(appendix) and thus determine strengths and weaknesses of the industry. Those five forces are now used to determined Air Asia’s strengths and weaknesses which are shown as below: Threat of Entry There is a high barrier entering airlines industry since it requires high capital to set up everything such as purchase or lease air craft, set up office, hire staffs, and etc. Thus, this has reduced the treat to Air Asia. Moreover, brand awareness is quite important in this industry. Thus, to enter this industry not only required high capital but also have to take some time to create brand awareness. Consumers always choose the product or service they really trust. Thus, instead of creating brand awareness, new entry has to create so called brand loyalty. Hence, this is reducing treat to Air Asia too. ( Roy L. Simerly) However, the government legislation is one of the barriers for entering airlines industry. For example, MAS has been protected by Malaysia government on the route to Sydney and Seoul Incheon. Therefore Air Asia find itself very difficult getting a new route from government. This not only affects the timeline set by Air Asia but also influence their profit. Power of suppliers Every industry has someone to play the role as suppliers. Power of the suppliers is important as it will affect the industry. In airline industry, the power of suppliers is quite high since there are only two major suppliers which are Airbus and Boeing hence there are not many choices to airline industry. Nevertheless, the global economic crisis has limited the new entrant and also reducing the upgrade of planes in the immediate future. However, both suppliers provide almost same standard aircrafts and hence the switching to Air Asia is low. Moreover, Air Asia placed a large amount of order from Airbus in order to expand its routes to international routes. As a result, the power of suppliers may be reduced as Airbus’s profit may be influenced by Air Asia. ( Roy L. Simerly) Power of buyers Buyers are one of the factors which will give influence the industry whether making profit or loss. Nowadays, those buyers are much more knowledgeable and high educated. Thus, they are very sensitive to the price no matter in what product or service. In this case, even Air Asia always provide lowest price to customers, but they still will make comparison between airlines. Secondly, to switch to other service is very simple because Air Asia is not the only one who provides airline service. I. e. customers still can choose MAS, Tiger Airway, Firefly and etc. ( Roy L. Simerly) Moreover, Air Asia always leaves customers an image as they always delay the flight. Hence, as an investor or business man, they will choose more reliable airlines instead of Air Asia. Threat of substitutes Substitutes are products or services which can replace the original products or services and give almost same satisfaction to the consumers. In airline industry, there are two types of substitutes, indirect and direct substitutes. Indirect substitutes include train, bus, cruise and etc. On the other hand, direct substitutes indicate the other airline. Consumers usually prefer low cost. For example, from Kuala Lumpur to Singapore, there are few transports that consumers can choose such as bus, train and air travel. If the customer is going to a budgeted trip, definitely he will choose bus which is the lowest price among the three. Moreover, the technology is now make information much more easily to assess. Customers can easily compare the price among few airlines just by assessing internet as internet make information more transparency. Nevertheless, the archipelago geographical structure in Malaysia make air travel is the most viable, efficient and convenient mode of transportation. For example, travel from Kuala Lumpur to Bangkok, the customer may choose to take bus or air flight. However, air plane are much more convenient and also lesser time consuming compare with taking bus to Bangkok. Rivalry among existing competitors In every industry, there is positive or negative trend to industry growth rate. If there is positive trend, then the firms have not to steal the market share among them. However, in airline industry, the growth rate is really low due to limited customers. Thus, in order to expand, Air Asia has to steal the market share from its competitors. ( Roy L. Simerly) Secondly, Air Asia leads the main battlefield in price among competitors due to its low operating costs. However, there are more competitors enter to airline industry who have major carriers as their backers or owners may lead to ‘unreasonable’ price war in the future. Moreover, Air Asia is not the only one who provides airline service. There are few low cost carriers such as Firefly, Tiger Airway and etc which makes their services provided weak differentiation. Thus, it becomes a threat to Air Asia. Biblography Roy L. Simerly, Strategic Management Case Analysis,http://www. westga. edu/~bquest/2002/strategic1. htm, assess date: 10th may 2010 Investopedia, Industry Handbook: Porter's 5 Forces Analysis, http://www. investopedia. com/features/industryhandbook/porter. asp, assessed date: 8th may 2010

Bamana Ci-Wara Headdress

Before visiting the museum, my teacher in African History class taught us the basic concept about Chi-ware. According to Professor Russ, there are three types of masks associated with Chi-ware namely; the vertical style which represents the East, the horizontal style which represents the West, and the composite style which represent the South. An addition, Chi-ware can be male or female. Notably, a female Chi-ware mask can be noticed by the presence of a baby antelope and straight horns on it. On the other hand, male Chi-ware mask is recognized by bent horns and a phallus.Moreover, a Chi-ware mask is used in the initiation in the society as it is used in agriculture and as costume in dancing. Furthermore, the mask is used to teach young Bamana men for social values and agricultural techniques . On the day we visited the gallery of Spurlock Museum: Africa section: Champion Cultivators of the Land, I discovered that I missed a lot of information. In the museum, there were various masks , paintings, sculptures, and pots. The specific sculpture of Bamana Chi-Wara Headdress called my attention. The sculpture was also labelled Mali or Guinea, ca.19th-20th c. Wood pigment; it is Gift of Drs. Albert V. and Marguerite Carozzi. 1990. 10. 0014. Sinificantly, in Bamana society, the term Chi-ware, pronounced as â€Å"Chee wah-rah† indicates a man who is champion cultivator and the social organization through which he attains that distinction. Upon examining at the sculpture of Chi-ware, I noticed that the size was bigger that what I expected. The size was approximately 50cm x 30cm. According to our professor, Mr. Rush, a Chi-ware can be easily recognized whether it is a male or female.However, it was quite a difficulty for me. But them, I looked closely at the Chi-ware and fugured that it is a male one because it has no baby back on the body. Moreover, the Chi-ware looked like a Roan Antelope with an almost human face attached. The bottom the body is also elongated an d short legged which represents the aardvark. Furthermore, Bamana is carved with texture and is polished smoothly with palm oils. I learned more about Ch-i-ware in didactic label. In didactic label, Ci-wara is said to be a mythical being, half man and half animal, and the son of Muso Koroni.Meanwhile, Muso Koroni is the mother of all living things and the matron of agriculture. After teaching humans to farm, Ci-Wara became offended at their laziness. So, he dug a hole with his great claws and buried himself. According to the myth, men carved a mask in the memory of Chi-ware and used it as a trophy in farming contests to encourage the young and able-bodied men to exert greater efforts in farming. Eventually, Chi-ware then became the name of the Banana masquerade society devoted to the development of manhood and social responsibility.More importantly, Chi-ware was said to be the mother of tall living things and matron agriculture. The didactic explanation about Chi-ware led me realize that a Chi-ware headdress is used i honoring the mythical antelope that introduced and brought agriculture to the Bamana people of Mali. But I consider interesting the part of the story where Chi-wara was offended at people’s laziness and dug a hole where he buried himself. To sum up, the visit to the Spurlock Museum: Africa section: Champion Cultivators of the Land is fun. It is so because it was my very first time to personally encounter a Chi-ware.In addition, I was so happy that I had acttually seen what was discussed to us in class about Chi-ware. Moreover, I learned more anout the hidden story about Chi-ware and its importance in the present day. Today, the people wear the Chi-ware when they dance as a symbol of hope for a greater crop for the year. Although Chi-ware has been considered merely as a mask, the Mali people consider it as a valuable thing as they use it when they pray and celebrate. Thus, the visit to the museum is not only interesting but also educational .

Osmosis paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Osmosis paper - Essay Example other hand, if the concentration of sucrose in a solution is high, then the rate of diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane would also be high. These concepts were tested in an experiment conducted, which is illustrated below. .25M, .5M, .75M, and a control set-up with deionized water. These were placed in individual dialysis tubing which were semi-permeable bags, and labeled accordingly. With a string the individual dialysis tubing considered as baggies with corresponding content were tied to seal off, and keep it from spilling out. Next, the individually prepared bags were carefully wiped off excess external surface water with a paper towel. Using an electronic balance, the initial weight of individual bags with contents were taken and recorded. Subsequently, four beakers were prepared with 150ml of deionized water. Then, the individual bags were immersed in the prepared beakers with 150ml of deionized water, respectively for thirty five (35) minutes. After the lapse of thirty five (35) minutes, one by one the bags were taken out carefully, wiped from external water and weighed. The results were also noted.   After the experimental data were gathered, the materials were cleansed, and returned to the s tock room, while the bags were properly disposed. As well, the working laboratory table was wiped dry and clean. The initial weight of the bag with .25M solution was 17.31g. After the experiment, its weight was 18.23g. The bag with.5M solution’s beginning weight was 9.07g, after the experiment, the weight was 10.75g. The bag with .75M solution’s beginning weight was 3.7g, after the experiment, the weight was 5.09g. Finally, the initial weight of the control bag was 9.95g, after the experiment, the weight was 10.9g. These findings are reflected on the table below: Table 1 shows that There were 5.18 % difference in .25M sucrose solution, 16.95% difference in .5M sucrose solution, 31.63% difference in .75M sucrose

Japan and China are clearly rivals for leadership in East Asia, Asia Essay

Japan and China are clearly rivals for leadership in East Asia, Asia and beyond. Briefly trace the relationship between the two - Essay Example The rivalry between these countries started since World War II and continues till today. The prime reason for this being one of the said nations always remained superior to the other.Before the 19th century china was the super power and with the restoration of Meji constitution Japan started gaining importance. However, China fought Japan by seeking economic assistance from Germany before World War II, but during World War II Japanese did many atrocities to Chinese population which strengthens the rivalry between the two. Internal and external politics of both countries The China being a republic nation possess its national military force known as People’s Liberation army which controls its sea, air and land territories in a unified manner.PLA was founded in 1927, and has more than 3 million members and is counted as the world’s powerful military force. Moreover, the Chinese republic is currently growing as the biggest manufacturer and exporter of goods and services in the current international market. The rapid growth of China in economical and social field has stunned the devolved as well as developing nations. The internal political scenario of China is very brittle and is struggling to survive the provocation of war as a communist regime. Evnthough, the economical status of the country is booming the republic is facing extreme provocation and threat to consider war with its competitor countries. About a decade ago the country called Japan was economically growing at such a rate that it out rated the growth of U.S.A and other advanced industrially civilized nations. However, its economic growth was also creating resentment abroad and this was resulting in economic disputes and demands to stop it’s free trade system. The country instead of focusing on military resources, concentrated highly on economic activates and grew largely as the world’s strong economic nation with living standards better than America. Unfortunately, currentl y Japan is suffering of recession and depicts a stagnant growth. As per,(Branigan,T,2010)â€Å"The most significant issue in recent domestic politics is the public’s growing dissatisfaction with LDP rule. The ruling LDP-Komeito coalition will probably remain in the minority in the Upper House at least through the next election in 2010†.Mean while the military system of the country is strong and is called the Japanese Self Defense Force and was formed after the occurrence of World War II. Relationship and power of both the countries The political and socio-economical scenario of both China and Japan has always been highly frictional. On many grounds, these countries constantly raised conflict and the relationship status of both the countries is at a very compromising and vulnerable state. The economical activities between the countries are at threat and Chinese government is accusing Japan of destroying the bilateral relationship among both countries. There is also wide spread notion that super power America also provoking these two countries to initialize a war. (Tadahi,Y.2008)writes that â€Å"The countries are locked in an increasingly tense row over Japan's detention of a Chinese captain after his trawler collided with a coastguard vessel near disputed islands. China's premier Wen Jiabao this week threatened further retaliation if the man was not release†

Design Patterns Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Design Patterns - Research Paper Example This notification can encompass particular information and facts regarding the topic of the notification. However, the subject can eliminate any of the observers from the list when there is no need for a specific observer to be informed regarding these events or changes with respect to the matter they are registered with the subject. They are used when there is need maintaining constancy and reliability between connected objects while not affecting coupling characteristics of classes. For instance, these patterns can be used when an object needs to be able to inform other objects without having suppositions on the subject of those objects. Moreover, the observer pattern consists of the following elements (Osmani, 2012): Subject: This component is responsible for managing the operation related to observers, such as facilitating, eliminating, or adding observers into the list (Osmani, 2012). Observer: This component is responsible for offering an up to date interface for observers that need to be informed regarding any change (Osmani, 2012). Concrete Subject: This component is responsible for managing transmission and notifications to objects regarding changes to state. It also maintains the state of ConcreteObservers (Osmani, 2012). ConcreteObserver: This component is responsible for establishing and maintaining a reference to the ConcreteSubject. In addition, it also implements a modern interface for the observer to make sure that state is compatible with the subject (Osmani, 2012). Advantages The observer patterns allow software development teams to think effectively about the associations among various elements of software application (Osmani, 2012; Toal, 2012). These patterns also allow software engineers to recognize what application layers have straight associations which could be alternatively replaced with a set of observers and subjects. In this scenario, these patterns can be effectively employed for splitting a software application into a number of sm aller, more freely joined components with the purpose of improving code maintenance as well as competency for re-use (Osmani, 2012; Sud, 2013). These patterns are useful for establishing and maintaining a one-to-many dependency between objects (Marakana Inc., 2013). These patterns provide an excellent communication mechanism for instance, when there is a change in the state all the related objects are notified automatically (Marakana Inc., 2013) Disadvantages As discussed above, these patterns support for decoupling however by decoupling various objects, it can frequently turn out to be hard to get assurance that specific components of a software application are working as they are expected to do (Osmani, 2012; Pierry, 2013). It is believed that in these patterns subscribers are relatively unaware of the subsistence of each other as well as are sightless to the price of switching publishers. Hence, because of this dynamic association between objects, it is difficult to track the upd ate dependence (Osmani, 2012; Sud, 2013). 2. The Factory Pattern The Factory pattern is also one of the most important creational patterns, which is concerned with the concept of developing objects. However, it differentiates with other patterns of the base of a property and that is it doesn't openly require software engineers to make use of use of a constructor. On the other hand, a Factory provides software engineers

Families in a Global Context Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Families in a Global Context - Assignment Example Until the 1990s, the issue of migration of women was discussed largely in the context of sex-trafficking. But globalization has unfolded a new phenomenon of overseas migration of women as job seekers. The book, Global Woman: Nannies, Maids, and Sex Workers in the New Economy edited by Barbara Ehrenreich and Arlie Russel Hochschild (2003) have revealed there is more to this phenomenon than breaking down of cultural barriers caused by communication revolution and relaxation of patriarchal restraints on the mobility of women. Exploring the avenues that lead to this social behavior, the authors have begun with the socio-economic context in which World Bank and IMF- imposed development models have forced third world governments to tighten their economies thereby leaving their citizens no other option than to leave the country to make a living (Ehrenreich, Hochschild, 2003, p.1-5). And what is peculiar about this migration is that â€Å"today half of all the world’s migrants are wo men.†( Ehrenreich, Hochschild, 1993, p.5) and they migrate mostly to take up low paid jobs as maids and nannies. The picture that emerges is that of a new kind of economic asylum seekers who are the refugees of globalization. These women, according to the book, ease a ‘care deficit’ that has emerged in the first world. This ‘care deficit’ was created in the developed world when the majority of women who used to take care of the young, aged and the sick of the society shifted their energies to paid jobs (Parrenas, 2003, p.35). Growing awareness about women’s rights and the pressure exerted by a competitive economy were the key factors behind this change. The middle class of US was finding it difficult to balance their budget without two paychecks. In the US, 65% of mothers of children aged six, are now doing paid work. (Ely, Scully, Foldy, 2003, p.404). As men were not considered sharing the domestic work even in this changed scenario, it was in evitable that substitutes had to be there to do the family scores.  Ã‚  

Implementation of Health for all Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Implementation of Health for all - Essay Example This makes the staff responsible and accountable. The administration can ensure the retaining of efficient workers by offering them a promising career in health services. The health for all children has taken a new shape with implementation of Hall 4 recommendations. In pre Hall 4 period the implementation was limited to enquiring the families about the child health and submitting the details to the concerned department, which use that data in policy making. But the report of Hall which is termed as Hall 4 concentrates on complete health for all children and extends the scope of health visitors from survey persons to a complete health care activist. The targets of the scheme had increased manifold. The process was not limited to health surveillance and it was extended to screening, diagnosis, timely intervention, extending the needed help and frequent visits to implement the advice. This type of policy was framed keeping in view that the health is the right of every child and by following a holistic approach. The prevention of physical and mental health disorders was also made the part of the health care activities. It stresses on giving support to f amilies to cope up with health needs of their children. Generally the deprived families approach health care when the damage was done. The Hall 4 implementation specially targets this type of parents and families and developed a frame work to contact them, advice them and make them enable to get assistance and the needed help from the agencies implementing health for all children: Hall 4. The implementation's target is to enable every child to start life in healthy condition; both physically and mentally. Previously the deprived children used to be disabled either physically or mentally by the time they come into contact with health services. The Hall 4 implementations include recommendations for this type of deprived families also. They are contacted at regular intervals to monitor their child health and motivate them mentally and for helping economically if needed. (Economical help here is to assist them to get income and making them to spend on the health improvement). Aim of the report The pre Hall 4 implementation of health for all services was limited to health surveillance. The implementation of Hall 4 recommendations is to attain health for all in both letter and spirit. In some PCT s the health care situation and the performance of health visitors are not satisfactory. The analysis of the present situation and the need of any changes in management and organisation should be discussed and evaluated. The intervals between visits of health visitors to the families having children are also a point of content. Till now the babies were checked at 8 months and 18 months age. But now it was being recommended that the babies were to be checked at birth, six weeks, six months, 1 year and 2 years age. But there are some perceptions that the gap between the intervals of visiting may result in disability either physically and mentally for children of deprived families. These different perceptions about the intervals in health visits were to be discussed keeping in view org anisational and managerial issues. In some cases it was felt even by the staff that the gap betw